Editor’s note: The names of the people interviewed by the Kyiv Independent for this story have been changed to protect their identity as they have shared sensitive information that could place them and their families in danger.
When Russia’s President Vladimir Putin announced partial mobilization, Ivan was desperate.
Ivan, who fled Russian-occupied Donetsk in 2021 and is now a Russian citizen living in Novosibirsk in Siberia, realized he could be sent to fight against his native Ukraine. The prospect of being sent over 3,500 kilometers to be used as cannon fodder in Russia’s brutal conquest terrified him.
Ivan, his colleagues, and friends were glued to local Telegram channels that were sharing unofficial lists of those in Novosibirsk who would be called up to serve.
“Everyone was frantically looking for their names,” Ivan told the Kyiv Independent.
Russia declared in September that it would mobilize 300,000 conscripts to fight in Ukraine, but independent Russian media outlets have reported that the actual goal is north of a million.
Despite Putin’s declaration that the mobilization would only include former military personnel, multiple reports have confirmed that men of all ages and professions are being conscripted. Ethnic minorities appear to be called up disproportionately. Media outlets have also reported on recent conscripts being killed in action and captured as POWs in Ukraine.
Among the conscripts are Ukrainians who received Russian passports following Russia’s invasion of Donbas and Crimea in 2014–both those who were forced to take up Russian citizenship and those who did so voluntarily.
Ivan, who now regrets obtaining a Russian passport while living in Russian-occupied Donetsk, says he won’t shoot at the people he loves.
“They (Russians) want to send me to fight against Ukrainians, my people. I will not shoot at them. If I’m deployed, I will shoot Russians and surrender to Ukrainian forces,” Ivan told the Kyiv Independent.
Russified by choice
Russia invaded Ukraine in 2014, occupying Crimea and parts of Ukraine’s eastern Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts. Soon, it began a forced russification of the local population.
In occupied Crimea, everyone was given a Russian passport and treated as Russian citizens. In occupied parts of Donbas, Russia gradually increased the process of handing out Russian passports, often forcing citizens to have Russian citizenship in order to obtain employment.
Ivan decided to get a Russian passport in order to move to Russia as his hometown, Donetsk, had become “a hopeless place” after years of Russian occupation.
“Nobody forced me to receive a Russian passport,” Ivan said, separating himself from people who were forced to do so.
When obtaining a Russian passport and moving from occupation, being drafted didn’t worry him. He was 36, well over the usual compulsory conscription age, which is 18 to 27 years old.
Yet when Putin launched emergency mobilization in Russia, the age limit was increased to 50.
Crimea, on Sept. 27, 2022. (Getty Images)